Cystar Team
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder that affects women of reproductive age, typically between 15 and 44 years old. It is characterised by irregular menstrual cycles, elevated levels of androgens (male hormones), and fluid-filled sacs (cysts) on the ovaries. These hormonal imbalances can lead to difficulties in ovulation, affecting fertility and overall health.
PCOS is one of the most prevalent hormonal disorders among women in this age group. Despite its prevalence, many people remain unaware of its symptoms, causes, and the impact it can have on overall health. This article provides a complete overview of PCOS, explaining its significance and why raising awareness is crucial.
PCOS affects an estimated 8-13% of women of reproductive age worldwide. Many cases go undiagnosed due to the variability in symptoms and lack of awareness about the condition.
Prevalence of PCOS in India 🇮🇳
In India, the prevalence of PCOS is estimated to be between 9-22% among women of reproductive age, depending on the diagnostic criteria used. Urban areas tend to report a higher incidence due to lifestyle changes, dietary habits, and increased stress levels. Studies indicate that many Indian women remain undiagnosed due to a lack of awareness and limited access to healthcare resources. Factors such as genetic predisposition, insulin resistance, and obesity contribute significantly to the increasing rates of PCOS in the country.
PCOS affects an estimated 8-13% of women of reproductive age worldwide. Many cases go undiagnosed due to the variability in symptoms and lack of awareness about the condition.
How PCOS Affects the Body
PCOS can have widespread effects on the body beyond reproductive health. Some of the primary ways it affects the body include:
Hormonal Imbalances
Women with PCOS produce higher-than-normal levels of androgens, which can lead to symptoms such as acne, excessive hair growth (hirsutism), and hair thinning or loss.
Impact on Ovulation and Fertility
Since PCOS affects the regular release of eggs from the ovaries, many women with the condition experience difficulty conceiving. Ovulation irregularities can lead to prolonged menstrual cycles or missed periods.
Connection to Insulin Resistance and Metabolism
Many women with PCOS have insulin resistance, which means their bodies do not respond properly to insulin. This can lead to increased blood sugar levels and a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Additionally, insulin resistance can contribute to weight gain, making it more difficult to manage body weight.
I used to have constant pelvic pain, unexplained weight gain, fever, irregular periods, missing periods... I wanted to have a quality life, where my cycles didn’t become unbearable.
Source: Health Shots, Ritu Sharma
Causes and Risk Factors
While the exact cause of PCOS remains unknown, several factors are believed to contribute to its development.
Genetic and Environmental Contributors
PCOS often runs in families, suggesting a genetic component. Environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle, and exposure to certain chemicals may also play a role.
Role of Insulin Resistance
Insulin resistance is a key factor in PCOS development. High insulin levels may stimulate the ovaries to produce more androgens, leading to hormonal imbalances.
Impact of Inflammation
Chronic low-grade inflammation has been linked to PCOS. Inflammation may contribute to increased androgen production and other metabolic complications.
How PCOS is Diagnosed
There is no single test for PCOS, so doctors use a combination of methods to diagnose the condition.
Medical Evaluation and Symptoms Check
Doctors assess a patient’s medical history and look for symptoms such as irregular periods, excessive hair growth, and acne.
Blood Tests and Hormonal Analysis
Blood tests are conducted to measure hormone levels, insulin resistance, and other markers that may indicate PCOS.
Ultrasound for Ovarian Assessment
An ultrasound may be performed to check for the presence of cysts on the ovaries and assess the overall ovarian structure.
Conclusion
PCOS is a complex hormonal disorder that affects millions of women worldwide. Understanding its symptoms, causes, and impact can help women take proactive steps toward managing the condition. If you suspect you have PCOS, consulting a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment is essential.
Additional Resources
For more information on PCOS, check out authoritative medical sources such as:
Frequently Asked Questions
Yes, many women find success in integrating functional medicine with other approaches under professional guidance.
Results vary, but many patients see significant improvements within a few months of consistent care and habit building.
Absolutely. Functional medicine focuses on natural, evidence-based strategies tailored to your unique needs.
